Answer:
d) is an activator and an ortho/para- director
Explanation:
We options for this question are:
a) is a deactivator and an ortho/para- director
b) is a deactivator and a meta-director
c) is an activator and a meta-director
d) is an activator and an ortho/para- director
e) is an activator and an ortho/meta/para director
f) none of the above
We have to remember that Cl is a halogen, therefore a lone pair of electrons will be involved in the resonance (see figure 1). So, we will have activation in the ortho and para positions. Â We have to take into account that the halogens have a high electronegativity. This means that inductively they are electron-withdrawing. So, we will have opposite phenomenons that will result in very weak activation